The OG of Electronics in Fiji
Solar - Take Control and Stay in Charge
Charging from the sun is not as simple as connecting a battery directly to a PV (photovoltaic) array. Solar panels that are rated at 12V tend to generate DC up to 17V or more in practice. Their output also varies in measure of how intensely the sun is shining, and they operate more efficiently in cooler weather.
Get the power under control
Excessive voltage can damage a battery, although many of the latest LiFePO4 units feature intelligent onboard management with over-current protection. In both permanent and portable solar installations, a charge controller fulfils several functions. These include regulating the voltage supplied to the battery and preventing it from discharging through the panel at night.
Pulse width modulation
Charge controllers based on PWM (pulse width modulation) are the simpler and more economical variety. They primarily work on the principle of limiting the voltage supplied to the battery, and progressively reducing it further as the battery approaches full capacity.
Maximum power point tracking
Up to 30% more efficient than their PWM counterparts, MPPT controllers are also more expensive. This type of controller increases the amperage of the current as it reduces voltage, maintaining a stable, optimal charging rate when the combination of temperature and sunlight cause the PV panels to be producing maximum electricity.